Text is about shootings at schools from 1997 till 2001 year in USA.
Shootings at schools were made by adolescences who were from 6 to 19 years old. Some of the victim's were shot dead, other were wounded. Young children commit cruel crimes for some reasons. One criminals are mentally ill, want to revenge for a person, other have easy access to the gun. Some of the offenders were sentenced to life imprisonment, other should spend just few years in prison, one 6 year old boy was not charged because of his age.
In conclusion, it can be stated: some juveniles are mentally unstable, can not control their actions and do not understand consequences.
2008 m. balandžio 19 d., šeštadienis
2008 m. balandžio 11 d., penktadienis
Judicial institutions in England and in Lithuania
The aim of this writing is to define judicial institutions in England and in Lithuania, to find differences and similarities too.
The highest court in England is the House of Lords which deals with all matters. The Court of Appeal is divided into Criminal and Civil divisions. Next is the High Court which is divided into divisions too. There are Queen's Bench Division which considers appeals from lower courts, Chancery Division deals with disputes about trusts, the property and the Family divison deals with family matters. Also there are the Crown Courts which deal with criminal matters and Count Court with civil. Finally, the lowest criminal court is a Magistrate Court which has a right to hear certain cases only.
The highest court in Lithuania is the Supreme Court. It reviews effective judgements, rulings and orders of the courts of general jurisdiction. The Court of Appeal is appeal instance for the cases heard by regional courts. District courts deals with criminal, civil cases. Regional courts are instance for criminal, civil cases and appeal instance for judgements, rulings, decisions. Also there are Regional administrative courts - special jurisdiction for hearing complaints, the Supreme Administrative Court is instance for administrative cases assigned to its jurisdiction by law and the Constitutional Court.
The difference between England and Lithuania judicial institutions is that in England there are jury and in Lithuania aren't. There is the Constitutional Court in Lithuania but in England isn't because it hasn't writen Constitution. However, there are some similarities too. In both countries there are witnesses, the Court of Appeal, the highest courts, County courts and both countries have Civil and Criminal divisions.
So in conclusion, it can be stated that there are more differences between England and Lithuania judicial institutions.
The highest court in England is the House of Lords which deals with all matters. The Court of Appeal is divided into Criminal and Civil divisions. Next is the High Court which is divided into divisions too. There are Queen's Bench Division which considers appeals from lower courts, Chancery Division deals with disputes about trusts, the property and the Family divison deals with family matters. Also there are the Crown Courts which deal with criminal matters and Count Court with civil. Finally, the lowest criminal court is a Magistrate Court which has a right to hear certain cases only.
The highest court in Lithuania is the Supreme Court. It reviews effective judgements, rulings and orders of the courts of general jurisdiction. The Court of Appeal is appeal instance for the cases heard by regional courts. District courts deals with criminal, civil cases. Regional courts are instance for criminal, civil cases and appeal instance for judgements, rulings, decisions. Also there are Regional administrative courts - special jurisdiction for hearing complaints, the Supreme Administrative Court is instance for administrative cases assigned to its jurisdiction by law and the Constitutional Court.
The difference between England and Lithuania judicial institutions is that in England there are jury and in Lithuania aren't. There is the Constitutional Court in Lithuania but in England isn't because it hasn't writen Constitution. However, there are some similarities too. In both countries there are witnesses, the Court of Appeal, the highest courts, County courts and both countries have Civil and Criminal divisions.
So in conclusion, it can be stated that there are more differences between England and Lithuania judicial institutions.
2008 m. kovo 8 d., šeštadienis
Prisons in UK and Lithuania
I am going to talk about prisons in UK and in Lithuania. The mane difference between these country is that in UK are about 160 jails and in Lithuania just one prison. Firstly, I want to talk about UK prisons.
There are more than 85.000 prisoners. More than 17.000 prisoners were sentenced for violent crimes, 10.000 were found guilty of drug offences and about 8.500 of burglary. Many jails have more prisoners than their target limit. In early 2007, some prisoners were being held in court and police cells because jails were full.
RECEPTION AND FIRST NIGHT. All prisoners pass through reception, which is responsible for checking identies and motoring numbers. New arrivals are seen by a nurse in order to check their healf and those coming of drugs. ACCOMODATION. Accomodation varies between prisons ranging form from dormitories to cells. A tipical ring will include reacreation areas, showers and food survey. Cells have toilets and are allowed to have TV. EXERCISE. All prisoners have sport facilities to encourage exercise and good healf. The gym is used by about 70% of prisoners.
The rights and freedoms of prisoners are determined by several factors. First, prisoners are bound by Prison Rules. They are also categorised according to there security risk and depending on this categirisation, restrictions may be placed on their freedom.
Now I want to talk about Lithuania. There is one jail Lukiskes which was built in 1904. There are kept men and women. Some of the prisoners are sentenced to life imprisonmet. As I heard, now there are about 90 prisoners who are sentenced to life imprisonment.
In my opinion, prisoners have quite good living conditions: they can have TV, computer, radio in there cells, also there are bed, toilet and other accomodation. EDUCATION. All prisoners have access to education. They can study at university, get books and learn from them.
According to prisons category it depends how much freedom they have. If they are in a simple caregory they can be visited by family members, have more phone calls and have other freedoms.
So it can be stated that prisons in UK and in Lithuania have some similarities and differences too.
There are more than 85.000 prisoners. More than 17.000 prisoners were sentenced for violent crimes, 10.000 were found guilty of drug offences and about 8.500 of burglary. Many jails have more prisoners than their target limit. In early 2007, some prisoners were being held in court and police cells because jails were full.
RECEPTION AND FIRST NIGHT. All prisoners pass through reception, which is responsible for checking identies and motoring numbers. New arrivals are seen by a nurse in order to check their healf and those coming of drugs. ACCOMODATION. Accomodation varies between prisons ranging form from dormitories to cells. A tipical ring will include reacreation areas, showers and food survey. Cells have toilets and are allowed to have TV. EXERCISE. All prisoners have sport facilities to encourage exercise and good healf. The gym is used by about 70% of prisoners.
The rights and freedoms of prisoners are determined by several factors. First, prisoners are bound by Prison Rules. They are also categorised according to there security risk and depending on this categirisation, restrictions may be placed on their freedom.
Now I want to talk about Lithuania. There is one jail Lukiskes which was built in 1904. There are kept men and women. Some of the prisoners are sentenced to life imprisonmet. As I heard, now there are about 90 prisoners who are sentenced to life imprisonment.
In my opinion, prisoners have quite good living conditions: they can have TV, computer, radio in there cells, also there are bed, toilet and other accomodation. EDUCATION. All prisoners have access to education. They can study at university, get books and learn from them.
According to prisons category it depends how much freedom they have. If they are in a simple caregory they can be visited by family members, have more phone calls and have other freedoms.
So it can be stated that prisons in UK and in Lithuania have some similarities and differences too.
2008 m. vasario 17 d., sekmadienis
Civil and criminal law
Civil and criminal law have differences and similarities too.
Criminal law regulates people's acts against the state, civil law regulates disputes among citizens and a country. Criminal and civil procedures are not the same. The standarts of proof in criminal law are bigger than in civil law. In a civil law, firstly, a person commites a civil wrong and a plaintiff brings a civil action against the defendant. If the plaintiff wins in the proceeding the defenant will be found liable and should award damages. A criminal case is brought by the prosecution. Ih the defendant looses a criminal case he can be punished to life imprisonment, to pay a fine or legal costs of the prosecution. On the other hand, there are some similarities between criminal and civil law. If a looser of a civil law refuses to pay amount of money to a winner of the action it could result in a criminal prosecution for the looser.
It can be stated that civil and criminal law are related with each other, although, there are some differences.
Criminal law regulates people's acts against the state, civil law regulates disputes among citizens and a country. Criminal and civil procedures are not the same. The standarts of proof in criminal law are bigger than in civil law. In a civil law, firstly, a person commites a civil wrong and a plaintiff brings a civil action against the defendant. If the plaintiff wins in the proceeding the defenant will be found liable and should award damages. A criminal case is brought by the prosecution. Ih the defendant looses a criminal case he can be punished to life imprisonment, to pay a fine or legal costs of the prosecution. On the other hand, there are some similarities between criminal and civil law. If a looser of a civil law refuses to pay amount of money to a winner of the action it could result in a criminal prosecution for the looser.
It can be stated that civil and criminal law are related with each other, although, there are some differences.
2007 m. gruodžio 10 d., pirmadienis
Criminal law
People's illegal acts are regulated by criminal law.
Crimes are illegal acts witch can be punished by the state. Various acts in one country can be a crime but in another not. Actus Reus and Mens Rea are two important elements to a crime. For crimes investigation are very important substantial cause and defense-a reason the court should exuse act. Defenses might be:defense of duress, defense of insanity and self-defense. Crimes can be commited by a person who is intoxicated. For some people punishments could be mitigated.
Consequently, the most important thing for a person is that no one can say that he is guilty until the stste proves it.
Crimes are illegal acts witch can be punished by the state. Various acts in one country can be a crime but in another not. Actus Reus and Mens Rea are two important elements to a crime. For crimes investigation are very important substantial cause and defense-a reason the court should exuse act. Defenses might be:defense of duress, defense of insanity and self-defense. Crimes can be commited by a person who is intoxicated. For some people punishments could be mitigated.
Consequently, the most important thing for a person is that no one can say that he is guilty until the stste proves it.
2007 m. lapkričio 22 d., ketvirtadienis
My future profesion
Every people want to have some profesion that they could settle in society. From early age a person should decide what profesion will be the best for him. I am going to tell why I have chosen my speciality Law and Penetenciary activities.
Three years ago I used to dream that I want to enter in Mykolas Romeris university and study Law and Penitenciary activities. As a result, since 10 form I have tried to study fairly well that I could reach this aim.
I decided to learn Law and Penetenciary activities because I want to communicate with people, try to help them to confine in society(if a person has been just released from prison). These things were my main purpose. On the other hand, I was affraid that it will be very difficult to study this profesion and I wouldn't be able to do this. Moreover, my parent and grandparents didn't want that I would be studying Law and Penitenciary activities because they thought that this speciality is quite dangerous and difficult for a woman. However, I was very stubborn and determined to achieve my aim and I have done it.
As a result, now I am studying Law and Penitenciary activities
Three years ago I used to dream that I want to enter in Mykolas Romeris university and study Law and Penitenciary activities. As a result, since 10 form I have tried to study fairly well that I could reach this aim.
I decided to learn Law and Penetenciary activities because I want to communicate with people, try to help them to confine in society(if a person has been just released from prison). These things were my main purpose. On the other hand, I was affraid that it will be very difficult to study this profesion and I wouldn't be able to do this. Moreover, my parent and grandparents didn't want that I would be studying Law and Penitenciary activities because they thought that this speciality is quite dangerous and difficult for a woman. However, I was very stubborn and determined to achieve my aim and I have done it.
As a result, now I am studying Law and Penitenciary activities
Amnesty International
There are some organizations in the world which are interested to protect human rights. One of the famous organization's is Amnesty International.
Amnesty International is a worldwide campaigning movement that works to promote internationally recognised human rights and has more than a million members and supporters in over 140 countries and territories.
There are five areas which Amnesty International deals with:Woman's Rights, Children's Rights, Ending torture and execution, Rights of refugees and Rights of prisoners of conscience.
Some specific aims are to abolish death penalty, ensure fair trial for all political prisoners, ensure free education to all children worldwide, free all prisoners of conscience, protect human rights, uphold the rights of refugees, migrants and asylum seekers. Besides this, Amnesty International members, supporters and staff mobilize persistent public pressure on governments, armed political grupes, companies and others to prevent and stop violance.
Organization considers of publication of impartial and accurate reports. Reports are researched by interviewing victims and officials, observing tials, working with local human rights activists and by monitoring the media.
Amnesty International has saved countless prisoners from death and torture, has stoped violance against woman.
In conclusion, Amnesty International is one of many organization's which aim is to protect human rights. Amnesty International do all what she can to achieve it.
Amnesty International is a worldwide campaigning movement that works to promote internationally recognised human rights and has more than a million members and supporters in over 140 countries and territories.
There are five areas which Amnesty International deals with:Woman's Rights, Children's Rights, Ending torture and execution, Rights of refugees and Rights of prisoners of conscience.
Some specific aims are to abolish death penalty, ensure fair trial for all political prisoners, ensure free education to all children worldwide, free all prisoners of conscience, protect human rights, uphold the rights of refugees, migrants and asylum seekers. Besides this, Amnesty International members, supporters and staff mobilize persistent public pressure on governments, armed political grupes, companies and others to prevent and stop violance.
Organization considers of publication of impartial and accurate reports. Reports are researched by interviewing victims and officials, observing tials, working with local human rights activists and by monitoring the media.
Amnesty International has saved countless prisoners from death and torture, has stoped violance against woman.
In conclusion, Amnesty International is one of many organization's which aim is to protect human rights. Amnesty International do all what she can to achieve it.
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